2022 volvo vnl 860 price. Explore the VNL Call For Price. 2022 volvo vnl 860 price

 
 Explore the VNL Call For Price2022 volvo vnl 860 price New 2024 Volvo VNL 860 Sleeper Truck For Sale

Bid Now. 260491. Apply for Financing. mniebauer@legacytruckcenters. Champaign, IL (866) 936-5917. My 780 and 730 I owned were great trucks. Volvo VNL64T860 Trucks For Sale: 146 Trucks Near Me - Find New and Used Volvo VNL64T860 Trucks on Commercial Truck Trader. Home; Trucks ; Used Trucks; New Trucks;. $120,000 Year: 2022. Get Price Alerts. | Cummins X15: 400-565 hp 1450-1850 lb-ft. New. From several trucks made by Volvo, the VNL 760 has qualified specifications, although it seems that the price is relatively the same as the VNL 860. 90. Volvo 860 Drive. 2019 Volvo VNL64T860 - 21 Trucks. Price: $99,900 . Volvo VNL 860 Truck 2018 Rigged. Welcome to TruckTube!!! On our channel we upload daily, our original, walkaround videos of Trucks, Busses and Commercial Vehicles. 2022 Volvo Trucks VNL 860 LONG HAUL EFFICIENCY – PREMIUM COMFORT. 223". OE Replacement: 82715374, 82715376, 82715368, 82794916, 82794917,82715400 Fit: 2008- 2022 Volvo VNL 670, VNL 780, VNL 630, VNL 730 , VNL 860 , 2008- 2013 VNM 200 , VNM 430 , VNM 630 , VNX 300 Trucks Wide Angle Mirror with turn signal arrow indicators. Rent 2022 VOLVO VNL64T860 at RentalYard. 47 update. 0 visits. V6 (4) 2022 Volvo Tractor Trucks For Sale: 87 Trucks Near Me - Find New and Used 2022 Volvo Tractor Trucks on Commercial Truck Trader. mniebauer@legacytruckcenters. . 5 Volvo VNL64T760 Trucks in Stockton, CA. 2023 Volvo VNL 860 For Sale How Much Does a 2023 Volvo VNL 860 Cost? The new 2023 Volvo VNL 860 will cost you an estimated. Send Offer Offer Sent! Buyers. For the 2004 model year the third generation model was introduced with a revised hood, headlamps, fairings and. Browse a wide selection of new and used VOLVO VNL64T860 Trucks for sale near you. 2020 Volvo 860 APU included trucks in fresno ca and amarillo texas. Truck Tractor . 2022 Volvo VNL 860. The actual cost of the vehicle will be a few Canadian dollars higher depending on car dealer policies, the extra modifications you will require, deliver fees, and more. Now standard, our next generation Turbo Compound is up to 6% more fuel efficient than our current 2020 D13 engine. 2020 Volvo VNL64T860 - 23 Trucks. Financial Calculator. Odometer: 437,534, Engine: Volvo 500HP, Sleeper: Raised Roof, Transmission: Volvo 12 spd SpeedJust got a new VNL 860 and want to wire up some backup lights, are the aux connectors in the same spot as the previous generation in the engine bay? Right under the fuse box zip-tied to the main harnesses from the cab? I see at least two metri-pack 280 2 pin connectors that aren't connected and want to be sure. For VNM, VNL, VNR, VNX, VHD, and VAH model years 2011 and. Volvo Announces Xceed Fuel Efficiency Package For VNL 760 & VNL 860 Trucks Posted 11/5/2018. 47 update. Asking Price: $197,251; Also Notify Me of Price Drops. $957. The ultimate high-roof truck. Enter your email below and be notified when the price for this unit drops below $0. Listings from thousands of dealer locations across the United States and Canada. 2022 Volvo VNL 860. | Cummins X15: 400-565 hp 1450-1850 lb-ft. Ryder Vehicle Sales Fort Worth, TX. Deer Guard: XG-150, Color: Silver. Regardless of your job requirements or needs, the Volvo VNL Series is worth checking out. Fits The Following Volvo Models: New VNL 300 (2018-2022) New VNL 400 (2018-2022) NEW VNL 740 (2018-2022) New VNL 760 (2018-2022) New VNL 860 (2018-2022) New VNR 300 (2018-2021) New VNR 400 (2018-2021) New VNR 640 (2018-2021) Available In Polished Stainless Steel Or With A Black Polyurea Coating (Choose Option Above)2023 Volvo VNL 760 VNL64T - Exterior and Interior Walkaround TourThanks for watching!!!, and please SUBSCRIBE, LIKE, COMMENT, hit the NOTIFICATION BELLOur ne. Financial Calculator. Color: Glacier White. Best Price Guarantee. Browse a wide selection of new and used VOLVO VNL64T760 Sleeper Trucks for sale near you at TruckPaper. This VNL860 in Blue Metallic is Sharp! It is Stocked With a Volvo D13 XE High Torque Engine with 1850FTLB of Torque, 455HP, I-Shift 12 Speed Transmission Wit. Browse a wide selection of new and used VOLVO VNL64T860 Sleeper Trucks for sale near you at. $125. FA Capacity. The Volvo New VNL (also known as Volvo VNL 2018) is a truck in American Truck Simulator manufactured by the Swedish truck manufacturer Volvo. Send Offer Offer Sent! McMahon Truck Centers - Indianapolis. Phone: (833) 265-1572. On this episode of Build Your Own, we build and review a 2021 Volvo VNL 860 Long Haul Sleeper Semi as well as learn about the features, go over the interior,. OE Replacement: 82715374, 82715376, 82715368, 82794916, 82794917,82715400 Fit: 2008- 2022 Volvo VNL 670, VNL 780, VNL 630, VNL 730 , VNL 860 , 2008- 2013 VNM 200 , VNM 430 , VNM 630 , VNX 300 Trucks Wide Angle Mirror with turn signal arrow indicators. See More Details. 2022 Volvo VNL 860. $786. Send Offer Offer Sent! GTS - Toledo. Truck Parts: 305-777-9010 Truck Sales: 786-419-4800 Toll Free: 888-815-1900 Service: 877-777-6670 English |. Still, the average price for a 2021 VNL 860 is commonly somewhere around $155k or more. 08:1 Axle. NEW 2024 VOLVO VNL MODEL 860 SLEEPER WITH VOLVO D13 500HP ENGINE, 12. Built to Order Year 2022 Make Volvo Model VNL 860 Type Cabover with Sleeper Fuel Type Diesel Transmission Volvo I-Shift – 12 speed | Volvo I-Shift for Severe Duty – 12 speed | Volvo I-Shift with Crawler Gears – 13,. United Pacific. 500,795 mi. max $ 179 6. Engine: D13. 2 Volvo VNL64T760 Trucks in Fort Worth, TX. 2022 VOLVO VNL64T860. 8 L Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel 500 hp Engine, 2021 US EPA Label, Requires Diesel Exhaust Fluid, 5577. Transmission. $45. $120,000 Year: 2022. Engine: D13. 00. Price Low to High; Price High to Low; Top Rated Products;. Got a chance to film this 2021 Volvo VNL 860 Semi Truck which has a lot of unique quirks and features on the interior and exterior! Welcome to TruckTube!!! On our channel we upload daily, our original, walkaround videos of Trucks, Busses and Commercial Vehicles. Sleep soundly on the road in. A: The T680 is slightly smaller than the VNL 860, which may affect your experience behind the wheel. Used Volvo Truck Prices in Canada. 00 mpg in the summer time. Our service and maintenance intervals prepare your truck for whatever lies ahead. Muncie, IN. 2022 VOLVO VNL64T860 For Sale in Kansas City, Missouri at pridetrucksales-inventory. Select VNL 860. Volvo VNL Bumepr End RH side with fog light hole 2004 & Newer. United Pacific. Learn More. In 2022, Volvo Trucks North America made its latest-generation D13 Turbo Compound engine standard on all VNL models. Volvo’s VNL lineup includes VNL 300 day cabs and VNL 400, 740, 760, and 860 sleeper trucks. Watch as driver Joel Morrow sees his new Volvo VNL with I-Torque for the first time and chats with Volvo’s Rob Simpson about what makes it the perfect balance of. Today here in this post, You can get to know about the Volvo VLN Series Trucks Including Volvo VNL 300, Volvo VNL 400, Volvo VNL 740, Volvo VNL 760 and. Multiple Units Available !! Years Range From 2015 - 2022 !! Prices Range From $22,000 - $125,000 !!. 2022 - 2023: $133,850 USD to $159,850 USD: Price Change. Drive Side. Deer Guard: XG-150, Color: Silver. 2022 Volvo VNL 860 – $160,000 – $290,000; 2022 Volvo VNL 760 – $155,000 – $280,000; 2022 Volvo VNL 740 – $152,000 – $275,000 Volvo D13N-455 6 Cylinder 12. x. How Much Is A Volvo VNR? Known as Volvo’s primary choice for regional hauling, the VNR is an uncompromising machine well suited for heavy duty work, while delivering comfort for long hauls in equal measure. Find New Or Used Volvo VNL64T860 Trucks for Sale, Narrow down your search by make, model, or category. Deer Guard: XG-150, Color: Silver. In 2022, Volvo Trucks North America made its latest-generation D13 Turbo Compound engine standard on all VNL models. Volvo VNL 2004-2018 Side Fairing LH Driver Side 34" Overall Length by Formula HD. 760, and 860. Stock Number: A7861P. 8 L Diesel 500hp Engine, Volvo AT02612D 12-Speed Automatic Transmission, Differential Lock, 13200 lb Front Axle, 40000 lb Rears, Meritor MT-40-14X Drive Axles, 3. Browse our inventory of New and Used VOLVO VNL Trucks near you. In 2022, Volvo Trucks North America made its latest-generation D13 Turbo Compound engine standard on all VNL models. Engine Volvo 500. Used 2023 Volvo VNL 760 Sleeper Truck For Sale. $104,900. Globetrotter VNL860, fully loaded with driver comfort and convenience features. New 2022 Volvo VNL 860 Sleeper Truck For Sale. Sleeper Trucks. Engines Trucks by Engine Type. ⇨ 72 MONTHS/750K MILES FACTORY OR EQUIVALENT WARRANTY ⇨ BRAND NEW VIRGIN AMERICAN TIRES INCLUDED WITHOUT ANY EXTRA COST ⇨ $0 ZERO DOWN APPROVAL OR 50% DOWN PAYMENT MATCH (UPTO $10,000) In-house Special. Volvo VNL Bumper Corners 82750070 82750068 82750064 82750062. Roped in 2050 sq. Paul Sagehorn. Color: Glacier White. 456,964 mi. See More Details2022 Volvo VNL64T860 Trucks For Sale: 19 Trucks Near Me - Find New and Used 2022 Volvo VNL64T860 Trucks on Commercial Truck Trader. This is why the Volvo VNL is an embodiment of excellence in the trucking world, and we are excited to let you know that a brand new generation with multiple models has arrived in American Truck Simulator as a free update! The new models include the VNL 860, 740, and 300, with the 860 standing in the spotlight as the flagship and most. Check out Britnee’s review! Our flagship model, the high-roof VNL 860, builds on Volvo’s foundation of fuel efficiency, driver productivity, safety, and uptime. . In 2022, Volvo Trucks North America made its latest-generation D13 Turbo Compound engine standard on all VNL models. Volvo I-Shift Transmission. Volvo VNL 860 for Sale. LED headlamps with signature DRL and LED exterior lighting. An integrated telescopic ladder is offered in the VNL 760. Request A Quote. . and 1pc 96" Wire Extension 2 Seperate 2pin Male Plug Connectors with 2pin Female Connector included POWER: YES HEATED: YES Dot Approved. New 2021 Volvo VNL 860 Sleeper Truck For Sale. Price Payment range Min. * Premium long haul, van trailer * 77" sleeper. As a 77-inch bed, the Volvo VNL 860 is spacious and includes plenty of space and storage for the driver to use. This truck features Volvo's VADA system for ultimate safety and at-ease driving including adaptive cruise control to follow the speed of the vehicle in front of you. 5-2. Drive Side. 95 - $99. Contact. Sleeper Trucks. Volvo VNL Side Fairing, Driver Side LH by WTP. $129,950. Volvo 455. Has a longer bed vs. Find detailed history for 2022 VNL Volvo by VIN. Transmission 10 Speed. The Volvo VN (also known as the Volvo VNL) is a heavy-duty truck produced by the Swedish vehicle manufacturer Volvo Trucks. Wasn’t able to see one in person but did get a chance to check out the 760. Volvo’s VNL lineup includes VNL 300 day cabs and VNL 400, 740, 760, and 860 sleeper trucks. Make Offer. Although we endeavour to ensure that the information contained on the website is accurate, errors may occur from time to time and. Get Shipping Quotes. visit our website. * Volvo D13 or Cummins * 405 - 500 hp. Providing comfort without compromise. Sleeper 77" Raised Roof. 64. com always has the largest selection of New Or Used Commercial Trucks for sale anywhere. 2020 Volvo VNL 760. com always has the largest selection of New Or Used Commercial Trucks for sale anywhere. Sleeper. Works out of the box. 2022 Volvo Trucks VNL64T860. We set out to fix that. 2022 VOLVO VNL64T860 For Sale in Kansas City, Missouri at pridetrucksales-inventory. Our flagship model, the high-roof VNL 860, builds on Volvo’s foundation of fuel efficiency, driver productivity, safety, and uptime. Kansas City, MO. Send Offer Offer Sent! CIT Trucks - Champaign. While not identical, the VNL 760 shares some similarities with the VNL 860 but comes at a different price point. 2015 Volvo VNL 500hp 2015 Volvo VNL 6x4 T/A Sleeper Truck Tractor Volvo D13 cylinder 12. Mileage:. Find New Or Used Volvo VNL64T860 Trucks for Sale, Narrow down your search by make, model, or category. The figures are based on US EPA data obtained under specific testing conditions for XC90 Recharge T8 AWD plug-in hybrid. Volvo VNL860 Trucks For Sale: 15 Trucks Near Me - Find New and Used Volvo VNL860 Trucks on Commercial Truck Trader. Listings from thousands of dealer locations across the United States and Canada. 5 WAYS TO SAVE. com. . Machine Location: Tampa, Florida 33619. 2022 Volvo VNL 760 MINT UNIT AVAILABLE, FINANCE ON THE SPOT!!!. Price Payment range Min. Order Yours! Miami FL. Improvements that come with the Volvo D13TC engine include up to 11% fuel savings compared to model-year 2015 trucks, enhanced efficiency over a wider range of applications and a new EE Extra Efficiency drive mode. 2020 Volvo VNL 860 Sleeper Truck. Altoona PA 16601. This truck features Volvo's VADA system for ultimate safety and at-ease driving including adaptive cruise control to follow the speed of the vehicle in front of you. $89,900. 2022 860 with Thermo King Tri Pac APU and solar panel to save APU run time. Volvo D13N-500 6 Cylinder 12. Sleeper. Engine: D13. 50 - $5. Find A Dealer. Transmission. 4 Engine hrs, Air Conditioner, Cruise Control, Power Windows, Engine Brake, ATO2612F 12-Speed Automated Transmission, 13200 lb Front Axle, 36758 lb Rears, Meritor Drive Axles, 3. Manufacturer: Volvo; Model: VNL860; Mileage: 93896; 2022 860 with a Thermo King Tri Pac APU with 1,620 hours on it, and solar panel to save you 30% APU run time!!!! Extended warranty- Engine Plan 2 and EATS 48mo/400k miles. Browse our inventory of new and used Volvo Trucking Equipment For Sale. truckpaper. Package includes upgraded exterior and interior trim. Nextran Truck Centers Kansas City, MO. At the price of $4. Get Price Alerts. com. Sleeper 77" TALL ROOF. 2022 VOLVO VNL64T860. CommercialTruckTrader. Sparta, Wisconsin 54656. Episode 2. Asking Price: $124,950; Also Notify Me of Price Drops. I hope it is will helpful to you for buy or sells this model Volvo VLN 2023 Trucks, cause I assure you that all kinds of information. Black aerodynamic mirrors. Volvo VNL 2023 interior presentation. 2022 Volvo 860, 237" WB 455 TC with 12 Speed Auto 2:47 Rears 13,200 Air ride Front Axle Vada Crash avoidance Adaptive Cruise Control Navigation Keyless Entry Bright Package 3 spare switch. With our world-class dealer network of more than 430 locations, your trucks are never far from the quality care and maintenance you expect when you buy a Volvo truck. Features may include: COMFORT, FUEL EFFICIENCY AND DRIVABILITY. 2022 Volvo Trucks VNL 860 Base; Year 2022; Manufacturer Volvo Trucks; Model Name VNL 860; Trim Name Base; Generic Type (Primary) Cabover with Sleeper Engine; Engine Power Volvo D13TC: 405-455 hp 1750-1850 lb-ft | Volvo D13: 405-500 hp 1450-1850 lb-ft | Volvo D11: 325-425 hp 1250-1550 lb-ft. Savings Compounded. Sleeper 77" Raised Roof;. Price: USD $120,000. 814-742-8055. Volvo VNL 860 for Sale. Price: USD $140,995. Color: Glacier White. com. $120,000 Year: 2022. Request a Rental/Leasing Quote * From: * To: * Qty: Comments: For Sale Price: View For Sale Price. To create a sense of a refined, performance-oriented product, our designers drew from F1 auto racing, where choices blend form and function. Listings. DOUBLE BUNK - REFRIGERATOR - INVERTER - CAB HEATER - PRICE $249,900 - MORE PICTURES COMING SOON - PLEASE CALL BRYCE FOR MORE. 77" TALL ROOF . Baldwin Filters® Secondary Spin-On Fuel Filter (BF7814) 0. Enter your email below and be notified when the price for this unit drops below $0. com always has the largest selection of New Or Used Commercial Trucks for sale anywhere. Phone: (903) 200-7053. max . The 13. Regardless of whether the trailer is fully or partially loaded, an aerodynamic VNL can provide substantial savings. 2022 Volvo VNL 860. Phone: (608) 633-1335. $120,000 Year: 2022. Famous for exceptional stability and precise dynamic steering Volvo trucks are more aesthetic in nature than many other commercial. Home; Trucks ; Used Trucks; New Trucks;. $129,950. Used. $134,950. 2020 VOLVO VNL64T860. The Volvo New VNL (also known as Volvo VNL 2018) is a truck in American Truck Simulator manufactured by the Swedish truck manufacturer Volvo. Request A Quote. Mileage: 300,000 (Truck is in use). 00 $ 125 . Enter your email below and be notified when the price for this unit. 166,002 mi. . In 2022, Volvo Trucks North America made its latest-generation D13 Turbo Compound engine standard on all VNL models. New 2021 Volvo VNL 860 Sleeper Truck For Sale. Engine. 2022 VOLVO VNL64T860. 03. 19 August 2022: SCS Software confirms that they are working on the new Volvo VNL model after visiting the Volvo Trucks North America facility in the state of Virginia and that the project. 2022 VOLVO VNL64T860. VNL 400. WIX® Spin-On Fuel Water Separator Diesel Filter with Open End Bottom (33995) 0. Located in KANSAS CITY. 3 Volvo VNL64T760 Trucks in Fontana, CA. Financial Calculator. LED headlamps with signature DRL and LED exterior lighting. 03 monthly. The VNL delivers long-haul efficiency, along with premium comfort. Mileage: 0. Fax: 814-742-8125. New 2024 Volvo VNL 860 Sleeper Truck For Sale. $282. The code helps reveal important details about the car as well as track vehicle history by conducting a VIN lookup. Car & Truck; Boating; Motorcycle; Powersports; RV / Camper; Recreation; Semi Truck. Episode 4. Volvo’s VNL lineup includes VNL 300 day cabs and VNL 400, 740, 760, and 860 sleeper trucks. There’s plenty of sweet rigs on the road, but when it comes to safety, there’s nothing quite like Volvo’s new VNL 860. Fresno, California 93725 (Opens in a new tab) Seller InformationDownload 3d VOLVO VNL 760 (2018) model available in c4d, fbx, ma, obj, max format. 2022 Volvo VNL 860. Volvo Announces Xceed Fuel Efficiency Package For VNL 760 & VNL 860 Trucks Posted. Search for used vnl 860. 5 Volvo VNL64T760 Trucks in Smithton, PA. Volvo Engine Brake. Included. Elizabeth, NJ (866) 320-5823. Included. Tools;. Famous for exceptional stability and precise dynamic steering Volvo trucks are more aesthetic in nature than many other commercial. 12 Speed. . . Listings from thousands of dealer locations across the United States and Canada. Transmission 12 Speed. . This truck is awesome! Hope you liked this review I have lots of great videos to come! First Volvo Trucking Video:Volvo Unveils New Workstation Option For VNL 740, VNL 760 & VNX 740 Trucks Posted 2/15/2019 Volvo’s SuperTruck 2 Exceeds Expectations, Increases Freight Efficiency By 134% Posted 10/16/2023 Volvo Trucks Deploys FH LNG Trucks In Exclusive, One-Time Pilot With Linde Canada Posted 8/23/2023 I did not sit in 860 yet but rented a new T680 with X15 in it for a few days - which 860s may be also equipped with, and was impressed with the mpg in the neighborhood of 8. 12,500 lbs. Suspension Air Ride. Engine: D13. Sale Price $555,555 PRINT. More VOLVO Sleepers for sale at. GTS - Pendleton - Pendleton, IN. New. Check out our inventory online or stop by one of our. 8L Owned since it was brand new and have all service records for the unit. 8 L Diesel Engine, 2021 US EPA Label, Requires Diesel Exhaust Fluid, 4789 Engine hrs, Engine Brake, ATO2612F 12-Speed Automated Transmission, 13200 lb Front Axle, 40000. Fort Wayne, Indiana 46898. Included. 2022 VOLVO VNL64T860. Odometer: 746, Engine: Volvo 455HP, Sleeper: Raised Roof Sleeper, Transmission: Volvo 12 Speed. . BRUCKNER TRUCK SALES-FORT WORTH. Specifications VNL 860 VNL 760 VNL 740 VNL 400 VNL 300 Our flagship model, the high-roof VNL 860, builds on Volvo’s foundation of fuel efficiency, driver productivity, safety, and uptime. The real-life driving range, CO2 emissions and fuel. Volvo Announces Xceed Fuel Efficiency Package For VNL 760 & VNL 860 Trucks Posted 11/5/2018. 43. Engine: Volvo 455HP, Sleeper: Condo, Transmission: Volvo 12 Speed. 47. 2022 Volvo VNL 860 Type Semi Trucks / Sleeper Trucks Stock# PT935 VIN 4V4NC9EJ0NN295683 Engine Volvo 500 Sleeper Raised Roof Odometer 437,534 . Buy KOZAK Grille Deer Moose Brush Bumper Guard Herd 300 Compatible with Volvo VNL 300 400 740 760 860 2018-2022 Plus Brackets, 4X 6 LED Lights, License Plate Holder and Frame, Logo, 2X 22 Wipers, Vest: Grille & Brush Guards - Amazon. Specifications VNL 860 VNL 760 VNL 740 VNL 400 VNL 300 Our flagship model, the high-roof VNL 860, builds on Volvo’s foundation of fuel efficiency, driver productivity, safety, and uptime. Volvo VNL 860 for Sale. Get Financing* Место Нахождения Трака: 3032 E. Get Shipping Quotes. Deer Guard: XG-150, Color: Silver. $49. $99,900. 1 Volvo VNL64T760 Trucks in Atlanta, GA. Originally introduced for customers with long-haul, steady-speed operations, the next generation 13-liter Volvo D13TC can now provide fuel savings for almost any customer in any application. This VNL860 in Blue Metallic is Sharp! It is Stocked With a Volvo D13 XE High Torque Engine with 1850FTLB of Torque, 455HP, I-Shift 12 Speed Transmission Wit. Sleeper Trucks. Fallback Video. Available Years. Engine: D13. View Rental Prices (Opens in new window) View Lease Prices (Opens in new window) Email Seller. Engine Volvo 455. Sleeper Trucks. 2019 VOLVO VNL64T860for sale - 77'' SLEEPER - D13 425 HP - I-SHIFT, DOUBLE BUNK, FRIDGE , FULL AIR DISC BRAKES, INVERTER, Financing available. Price: Call for price. Overview 2020 Volvo VNL 860 Type Semi Trucks / Sleeper Trucks Stock# 03VU233089 VIN 4V4NC9EH5LN233089 Engine Volvo 425 Odometer 487,721 . 00. Moving on up. The upgraded 77-inch sleeper has plenty of space, storage, and amenities to let team drivers feel at home, away from home. Limited-Lifetime Warranty. In 2022, Volvo Trucks North America made its latest-generation D13 Turbo Compound engine standard on all VNL models. Volvo’s VNL lineup includes VNL 300 day cabs and VNL 400, 740, 760, and 860 sleeper trucks. New. $99,900. Aerodynamic bumper.